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Shukla, A. K.

Aerosol Optical Properties over Marine and Continental Sites of India during Pre-Monsoon Season

Abstract Views :236 | PDF Views:116

Authors

Piyush Patel ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹

Affiliations
1 Calibration and Validation Division, Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 108, No 4 (2015), Pagination: 666-676

Abstract

Ground and satellite based measurements of spectral optical properties of aerosols have been carried out at Dehradun (DDN) in the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and Kavaratti (KVT) at Lakshadweep in southern Arabian Sea during pre-monsoon season (March- May) 2012. The measurements illustrate distinct seasonal impact on aerosol properties with maximum dust loading during May in conjunction with anthropogenic aerosols over DDN and marine aerosols over KVT. Aerosol optical depth (AOD) values have been observed maximum in May (0.72 ± 0.03) over DDN and in April (0.77 ± 0.05) over KVT. The high AOD at DDN during May is associated with low α and high β , means higher loading in May is associated with coarse mode aerosols, may be dust loading as evident from SSA and volume size distribution. Similarly, high AOD at KVT during March and April are associated with high α and low β, may be due to anthropogenic influence as evident from BT analysis as well as SSA and volume size distribution. However, influence of marine aerosols is also noticeable over KVT during May as indicated by the lower values of α with high turbidity coefficient β. Comparison between sunphotometer and MODIS AOD observations indicates good statistical agreement with the minimal error.

Keywords

Angstrom Exponent, AOD, MODIS, Single Scattering Albedo.

Full Text

Popularization of Manilkara hexandra (Khirni) - an Endangered Underutilized Fruit Tree for Conservation and Utilization

Soil Degradation Effect on Soil Productivity, Carbon Pools and Soil Enzyme Activity

Abstract Views :273 | PDF Views:90

Authors

Narendra K. Lenka ¹, S. P. Jaiswal ¹, J. K. Thakur ¹, S. Lenka ¹, A. Mandal ¹, A. K. Dwivedi ², B. L. Lakaria ¹, A. K. Biswas ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹, D. S. Yashona ¹

Affiliations
1 Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Bhopal 462 038, IN
2 Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Viswa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur 482 004, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 112, No 12 (2017), Pagination: 2434-2439

Abstract

Land degradation is one of the major causes of decline in soil productivity. However, the quantitative relationship between degradation and productivity is not fully understood in soils of India. Thus, an experiment was conducted under a range of native soil organic carbon (SOC) levels in two soil types (Inceptisol and Alfisol) of subtropical India. The SOC content under the treatments was 1.61%, 1.01% and 0.77% in Inceptisol and 0.36%, 0.25% and 0.21% in Alfisol under C₁ (undepleted soil), C₂ (low depletion) and C₃ (medium depletion) treatments respectively. Soybean was grown under each SOC level, with four management practices, viz. (1) control, (2) recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) + 10 Mg farmyard manure (FYM) ha^-1, (3) 20 Mg FYM ha^-1 and (4) 150% RDF, in three replicates in a factorial completely randomized design. Results indicated significant and positive effect of both SOC and management treatment on plant biomass yield, labile (KMnO₄ oxidizable) carbon, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), dehydrogenase activity, soil bulk density (BD) and penetration resistance (PR). The plant biomass reduced by 45% and 29% under C₃ (compared to C₁) in Inceptisol and Alfisol respectively. The effect of SOC depletion was conspicuous in Inceptisol. The labile C reduced by 47% and 16% under C₃ in Inceptisol and Alfisol respectively. SMBC showed a corresponding decrease of 33% and 29%. The soil physical properties, viz. BD and PR showed conspicuous effect of SOC depletion. PR increased by 324% and 75% for Inceptisol and Alfisol respectively.

Keywords

Labile Carbon, Soil Degradation and Productivity, Soil Microbial Biomass, Soil Physical Properties.

Full Text

References

Lal, R., Societal value of soil carbon. J. Soil Water Conserv., 2014, 69, 186–192.

García-Díaz, A., Allas, R. B., Gristina, L., Cerdà, A., Pereira, P. and Novara, A., Carbon input threshold for soil carbon budget optimization in eroding vineyards. Geoderma, 2016, 271, 144–149.

Bationo, A., Kihara, J., Vanlauwe, B., Waswa, B. and Kimetu, J., Soil organic carbon dynamics, functions and management in West African agro-ecosystems. Agric. Syst., 2007, 94, 13–25.

Musinguzi, P., Ebanyat, P., Tenywa, J. S., Basamba, T. A., Tenywa, M. M. and Mubiru, D., Precision of farmer-based fertility ratings and soil organic carbon for crop production on a Ferralsol. Solid Earth, 2015, 6, 1063–1073.

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Lal, R., Enhancing crop yields in the developing countries through restoration of the soil organic carbon pool in agricultural lands. Land Degrad. Dev., 2006, 17, 197–209.

Lenka, N. K., Sudhishri, S., Dass, A., Choudhury, P. R., Lenka, S. and Patnaik, U. S., Soil carbon sequestration as affected by slope aspect under restoration treatments of a degraded alfisol in the Indian sub-tropics. Geoderma, 2013, 204–205, 102–110.

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Benbi, D. K. and Chand, M., Quantifying the effect of soil organic matter on indigenous soil N supply and wheat productivity in semiarid sub-tropical India. Nutr. Cycling Agroecosyst., 2007, 79, 103–112.

Lenka, N. K., Mandal, D. and Sudhishri, S., Permissible soil loss limits for different physiographic regions of West Bengal. Curr. Sci., 2014, 107, 665–670.

Loveland, P. and Webb, J., Is there a critical level of organic matter in the agricultural soils of temperate regions: a review. Soil Till. Res., 2003, 70, 1–18.

Weil, R. R., Islam, K. R., Stine, M. A., Gruver, J. B. and SamsonLiebig, S. E., Estimating active carbon for soil quality assessment: a simplified method for laboratory and field use. Am. J. Alternat. Agric., 2003, 18, 3–17.

Vance, E. D., Brookes, P. C. and Jenkinson, D. S., An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass carbon. Soil Biol. Biochem., 1987, 19, 703–707.

Bremner, E. and Kesssel, V. C., Extractability of microbial ¹⁴C and ¹⁵N following addition of variable rates of labeled glucose and ammonium sulphate to soil. Soil Biol. Biochem., 1990, 22, 707–713.

Klein, D. A., Loh, T. C. and Goulding, R. L., A rapid procedure to evaluate the dehydrogenase activity of soils low in organic matter. Soil Biol. Biochem., 1971, 3, 385–387.

Manna, M. C. et al., Long-term effect of fertilizer and manure application on soil organic carbon storage, soil quality and yield sustainability under sub-humid and semi-arid tropical India. Field Crops Res., 2005, 93, 264–280.

Lenka, N. K., Choudhury, P. R., Sudhishri, S., Dass, A. and Patnaik, U. S., Soil aggregation, carbon build up and ischolar_main zone soil moisture in degraded sloping lands under selected agroforestry based rehabilitation systems in eastern India. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ., 2012, 150, 54–62.

Wood Specific Gravity of Trees in Hot Semi-Arid Zone of India:Diversity among Species and Relationship between Stem and Branches

Abstract Views :260 | PDF Views:77

Authors

Dipak Kumar Gupta ¹, R. K. Bhatt ², A. Keerthika ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹, M. B. Noor Mohamed ¹, B. L. Jangid ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Pali-306 401, IN
2 ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur-342 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 113, No 08 (2017), Pagination: 1597-1600

Abstract

Wood specific gravity (WSG) is an important parameter in allometric equations for accurate estimation of C-sequestration and other functional properties of a tree. However, WSG of many tree species especially of arid and semi-arid regions is poorly reported. Further, identifying indirect methods for determination of stem WSG from branches may be rapid and relatively easy. The present study determined WSG of stem and branches of 21 tree species in the hot semi-arid region of Western India. Three individual trees from each species were randomly selected and sampled for determination of WSG of stem, primary and secondary branch. WSG varied significantly among the species (F = 42.83, P < 0.001) and sampling locations (stem and branches) (F = 29.43, P < 0.001). In stem (at DBH), it ranged from 0.42 ± 0.04 to 0.74 ± 0.03 among the species while within an individual tree it varied in order of stem > primary branch > secondary branch in most species. WSG of stem and branches showed linear relationship and branches were found a good predictor of stem WSG (R² > 0.83).

Keywords

Arid Region, Branch, Tree Biomass, Wood Specific Gravity.

Full Text

References

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Chave, J. et al., Improved allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass of tropical trees. Glo. Chang. Biol., 2014, 20, 3177–3190.

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Mangalassery, S., Dayal, D., Meena, S. L. and Ram, B., Carbon sequestration in agroforestry and pasture systems in arid northwestern India. Curr. Sci., 2014, 107(8), 1290–1293.

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Swenson, N. G. and Enquist, B. J., The relationship between stem and branch wood specific gravity and the ability of each measure to predict leaf area. Am. J. Bot., 2008, 95(4), 516–519.

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Sheikh, M. A., Kumar, M. and Bhat, J. A., Wood specific gravity of some tree species in the Garhwal Himalayas, India. For. Stud. China, 2011, 13(3), 225–230.

Osuri, A. M., Kumar, V. S. and Sankaran, M., Altered stand structure and tree allometry reduce carbon storage in evergreen forest fragments in India’s Western Ghats. Forest Ecol. Manag., 2014, 329, 375–383.

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Carbon Sequestration Potential of Hardwickia Binata Roxb. Based Agroforestry in Hot Semi-Arid Environment of India: An Assessment of Tree Density Impact

Abstract Views :191 | PDF Views:76

Authors

Dipak Kumar Gupta ¹, R. K. Bhatt ², A. Keerthika ¹, M. B. Noor Mohamed ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹, B. L. Jangid ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Pali-Marwar - 306 401, IN
2 ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Jodhpur - 342 003, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 116, No 1 (2019), Pagination: 112-116

Abstract

Agroforestry is one of the most promising options for climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration. However, carbon sequestered in agroforestry system depends on various factors like type of tree species, tree density, system age, soil and climate. One of the most important factors for enhancing carbon sequestration per unit land is tree density. Hardwickia binata Roxb. has been reported as suitable agroforestry tree species with multiple benefits in arid and semi-arid region, however, the role and impact of tree density in carbon sequestration is poorly reported. This study estimated impact of tree density (D₁ = 333 tree ha^-1 and D₂ = 666 tree ha^-1) on carbon sequestration potential of 30-year-old H. binata Roxb. + Cenchrus setigerus silvipasture system in hot semiarid region of Rajasthan. The carbon sequestered in tree biomass was estimated by reported allometric equations, whereas in soil it was determined by Walkley and Black method. Results showed significant impact of tree density on carbon sequestration per unit tree and per hectare land. The average biomass carbon sequestered by a tree was significantly more (44.5%) in low density (D₁) compared to high density (D₁) system. However, total biomass carbon sequestered per hectare land was significantly more (40.8%) in high density system (31.6 ± 12.6 Mg C ha^-1. Carbon sequestered in soil organic matter was higher in both D₁ and D₁ systems compared to control (sole Cenchrus setigerus field). It ranged from 19.93 ± 0.31 Mg C ha^-1 in control to 22.94 ± 0.65 Mg C ha^-1 and 23.25 ± 0.78 Mg C ha^-1 in D₁ and D₂ respectively. The total carbon sequestered (below and above ground tree biomass and soil organic carbon) was in the order D₂ > D₁ > control.

Keywords

Agroforestry, Allometric Equation, Arid and Semiarid Regions, Silvipasture, C-Sequestration, Tree Density.

Full Text

References

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Verchot, L. V. et al., Climate changes: linking adaptation and mitigation through agroforestry. Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl. Change, 2007, 12, 901-910.

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Vachellia nilotica Subsp. cupressiformis – Status and Conservation Approach of an Endemic Agroforestry Tree in Rajasthan

Abstract Views :188 | PDF Views:84

Authors

A. Keerthika ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹, Dipak Kumar Gupta ², M. B. Noor Mohamed ¹, B. L. Jangid ³

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Pali Marwar 306 401, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Gauria Karma, Hazaribagh 825 405, IN
3 ICAR-Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Zone II, Jodhpur 342 005, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 8 (2021), Pagination: 1293-1294

Abstract

No Abstract.

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References

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Grewia tenax (Frosk.) Fiori – popularization, conservation and utilization of lesser known multipurpose shrub

Abstract Views :191 | PDF Views:88

Authors

M. B. Noor Mohamed ¹, A. K. Shukla ¹, A. Keerthika ¹, Dipak Kumar Gupta ², S. R. Meena ¹, Kamla K. Choudhary ¹, R. S. Mehta ¹

Affiliations
1 ICAR-Central Arid zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station, Pali-Marwar 306 401, IN
2 ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Hazaribagh 825 405, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 120, No 10 (2021), Pagination: 1557-1558

Abstract

No Abstract.

Keywords

No Keywords

Full Text

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Current Science

Current Science

Author Details

Shukla, A. K.

Aerosol Optical Properties over Marine and Continental Sites of India during Pre-Monsoon Season

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Popularization of Manilkara hexandra (Khirni) - an Endangered Underutilized Fruit Tree for Conservation and Utilization

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Abstract

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Soil Degradation Effect on Soil Productivity, Carbon Pools and Soil Enzyme Activity

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References

Wood Specific Gravity of Trees in Hot Semi-Arid Zone of India:Diversity among Species and Relationship between Stem and Branches

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Abstract

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References

Carbon Sequestration Potential of Hardwickia Binata Roxb. Based Agroforestry in Hot Semi-Arid Environment of India: An Assessment of Tree Density Impact

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References

Vachellia nilotica Subsp. cupressiformis – Status and Conservation Approach of an Endemic Agroforestry Tree in Rajasthan

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Source

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References

Grewia tenax (Frosk.) Fiori – popularization, conservation and utilization of lesser known multipurpose shrub

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Abstract

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References

J. Gopalakrishnan (1944–2023)

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